🎵 Digital Audio Engineering & Acoustics
Audio Sample Rate & Bitrate Calculator
Calculate uncompressed PCM audio streaming bitrates ($\text{kbps}$), uncompressed WAV/AIFF file sizes, Nyquist cutoffs, and theoretical dynamic ranges ($\text{dB}$).
💿 CD Audio (1,411 kbps)
🎬 Film & TV (2,304 kbps)
🎧 Studio Hi-Res (4,608 kbps)
🎼 192k Master (9.2 Mbps)
🔊 5.1 Surround (6.9 Mbps)
Audio Format Configuration
Uncompressed PCM Bitrate
1,411.2 kbps
Nyquist Limit
22.05 kHz
Dynamic Range
96.3 dB
MB per Minute
10.58 MB
💡 Digital Audio Math:
$$\text{Bitrate} = f_s \times \text{Bits} \times \text{Channels} = 44100 \times 16 \times 2 = 1,411,200\text{ bps}$$
Understanding Digital Audio Parameters
Uncompressed Pulse-Code Modulation (PCM) audio quality and storage throughput are governed by three fundamental parameters:
- Sample Rate ($f_s$): The number of discrete audio snapshot measurements taken per second. According to the Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Theorem, the maximum reproducible audio frequency is exactly half the sample rate ($f_{\text{Nyquist}} = f_s / 2$). Humans hear up to $\approx 20\text{ kHz}$, which is why $44.1\text{ kHz}$ was selected for CDs.
- Bit Depth ($N$): Quantization resolution for amplitude. Theoretical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Dynamic Range is: $$\text{Dynamic Range} \approx 6.02 \times N + 1.76\text{ dB}$$ (e.g., $16\text{-bit} \approx 96.3\text{ dB}$, $24\text{-bit} \approx 144.5\text{ dB}$).
- Uncompressed File Size: $$\text{Size (Bytes/sec)} = \frac{f_s \times \text{BitDepth} \times \text{Channels}}{8}$$